NOTES

Chapter 7: Notes on Directing

Directing means giving instructions and guiding people in doing work. It refers to the process of instructing, guiding, counseling motivating and leading people in the organization to achieve its objectives.

Characteristics of Directing

1. Directing initiates action
2. Directing takes place at every level of management
3. It is a continuous process
4. It flows from top to bottom

Importance of Directing

1. It initiates action towards attainment of desired objectives.
2. It integrates employees efforts
3. It guides employees to realize their potential and capabilities
4. It facilitates introduction of needed changes.
5. Effective directing helps to bring stability and balance.

Principles of Directing

1. Maximum individual contribution
2. Harmony of objectives
3. Unity of command
4. Appropriateness of direction technique
5. Managerial communication
6. Use of informal organization
7. Leadership
8. Follow up

Elements of Directing

1. Supervision
2. Motivation
3. Leadership
4. Communication

Supervision: is the process of guiding the efforts of employees and other resources to accomplish the desired objectives.

Importance of supervision

1. Supervisor plays a key role maintain a group unity among workers.
2. Supervisor acts as link between workers and management.
3. Influences the workers by his leadership quality.
4. Analyses the work performed and gives feedback.

Motivation: means the process of making subordinates to act in a desired manner to achieve certain organizational goals.

Incentives: means all the measures which are used to motivate people to improve performance. There are two types of incentives A) financial incentive B) non-financial incentives.

Leadership: process of influencing the behavior of people by making them strives voluntarily towards achievement of organizational goals.

Qualities of a good leader

1. Physical features
2. Knowledge
3. Integrity
4. Initiative
5. Communication skills
6. Social skills
7. Self confidence

Communication: refers to process of exchange of ideas between on among persons and create understanding.

In an organization both formal and informal communication also exists.

Importance of Communication

1. Basis of coordination
2. Basis of decision making
3. Promotes cooperation and industrial peace
4. Boosts morale and provides motivation

Barriers to communication

1. Semantic barriers
2. Psychological barrier
3. Organizational barrier
4. Personal barrier